# Dr Girish B Navasundi


## Posts

- [OCT-, IVUS-, and FFR-Guided Angioplasty in Bangalore: A More Precise Way to Treat Coronary Blockages](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/oct-ivus-and-ffr-guided-angioplasty-in-bangalore-a-more-precise-way-to-treat-coronary-blockages/): By Dr. Girish B NavasundiSenior Consultant Cardiologist & Certified TAVR SpecialistLead Consultant – Structural Heart Disease & Heart FailureApollo Hospitals Bannerghatta, Bangalore Coronary artery disease is one of the most common causes of chest pain, breathlessness, heart attacks, and reduced heart function. In many patients, the problem begins when fatty deposits, calcium, or plaque build up inside the coronary arteries and reduce blood flow to the heart muscle. Traditionally, coronary angiography has been the main test used to identify these blockages. An angiogram gives doctors an outline of the coronary arteries and helps detect narrowing or obstruction. However, in some […]
- [Angioplasty for Severely Calcified Lesions: What Patients and Families Need to Know](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/angioplasty-for-severely-calcified-lesions-what-patients-and-families-need-to-know/): When people hear the word angioplasty, they often imagine a blocked artery that can simply be opened with a balloon and treated with a stent. In many cases, that is true. But not all blockages are the same. Some heart artery blockages are far more complex because they are severely calcified. This means the artery has become hardened by calcium deposits over time, making it rigid, narrowed, and much more difficult to treat. These are not ordinary blockages. They demand planning, precision, experience, and the right technology. For patients and families, hearing terms like “heavily calcified artery,” “high-risk angioplasty,” or […]
- [High-Risk Multivessel Angioplasty in Bangalore: Advanced Heart Care for Complex Coronary Artery Disease](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/high-risk-multivessel-angioplasty-in-bangalore-advanced-heart-care-for-complex-coronary-artery-disease/): A Smarter, Less-Invasive Option for Complex Heart Blockages When people hear they have “multiple heart blockages,” the first reaction is usually fear. The second is confusion. Do I need surgery?Can this be treated without opening the chest?Is it too risky?Who should do the procedure? That is exactly where high-risk multivessel angioplasty comes in. This is not a routine heart procedure. It is an advanced form of angioplasty used when more than one coronary artery is narrowed or blocked and the case is medically complex. In the right patient, it can restore blood flow, reduce symptoms like chest pain and breathlessness, […]
- [Rota-Tripsy Guided Complex Multivessel PCI in Severe Calcific Triple Vessel Disease Involving the LAD and Left Main Bifurcation](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/rota-tripsy-guided-complex-multivessel-pci-in-severe-calcific-triple-vessel-disease-involving-the-lad-and-left-main-bifurcation/): A complex coronary intervention case showcasing the power of OCT guidance, advanced plaque modification, and a tailored multivessel PCI strategy. When coronary artery disease is heavily calcified, diffuse, and involves critical segments such as the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and left main bifurcation, routine angioplasty is often not enough. These are the cases that test not just technical skill, but planning, judgment, imaging, and the ability to use multiple complementary technologies in the right sequence. This case is a strong example of how modern interventional cardiology can successfully manage severe anatomical complexity through a precision-driven approach. A 66-year-old man […]
- [Sudden Cardiac Death Prevention – How ICD & CRTD Save Lives | A Race Against Time – The Silent Killer Few See Coming](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/sudden-cardiac-death-prevention-how-icd-crtd-save-lives-a-race-against-time-the-silent-killer-few-see-coming/): Imagine this:A 52-year-old man, seemingly healthy, plays cricket with friends on a Sunday morning. He suddenly clutches his chest, collapses, and never regains consciousness. No warning signs, no prior hospital visits, no chance for goodbye. This is Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) – a tragedy that strikes in seconds, often without warning, claiming millions of lives worldwide every year. What’s worse? Many of these deaths could have been prevented with timely diagnosis and the right device therapy. Two of the most powerful weapons in our medical arsenal against SCD are: ICD – Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator CRTD – Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy with […]
- [India’s First FDA-Approved Micra AV2 Pacemaker Implanted in Bangalore](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/indias-first-fda-approved-micra-av2-pacemaker-implanted-in-bangalore/): A Big Leap in Heart Care by Dr. Girish B Navasundi at Apollo Hospitals Location: Bangalore | Hospital: Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta RoadBy: Dr. Girish B Navasundi, Senior Consultant Interventional Cardiologist & Director, Cathlab Big news from Bangalore’s heart care scene!Dr. Girish B Navasundi has successfully implanted India’s very first Micra AV2 – the latest, tiniest, and smartest pacemaker approved by the US FDA. And he did it right here at Apollo Hospitals, Bangalore. This moment isn’t just a medical first — it’s a proud milestone for India and a life-changing advancement for patients who need heart rhythm support. So, What […]
- [Aortic Stenosis Treatment in Bangalore – Expertise You Can Trust with Dr. Girish B Navasundi](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/aortic-stenosis-treatment-in-bangalore-expertise-you-can-trust-with-dr-girish-b-navasundi/): Aortic stenosis is a silent and life-threatening heart valve disorder. Often mistaken for simple fatigue or aging, it can go undiagnosed until it becomes critical. But with timely detection and advanced interventions, aortic stenosis is highly treatable. For patients in Bangalore, the search for world-class cardiac care leads to one name: Dr. Girish B Navasundi, Senior Consultant Interventional Cardiologist and Certified TAVR Specialist, leading the Structural Heart Disease & Heart Failure program at Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta Road. What is Aortic Stenosis? Aortic stenosis occurs when the aortic valve — the main gateway that allows oxygen-rich blood to leave your heart […]
- [Seeing Beyond the Surface: The Power of Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) in Cardiology](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/seeing-beyond-the-surface-the-power-of-intravascular-ultrasound-ivus-in-cardiology/): In the ever-evolving field of cardiovascular care, accuracy and clarity can save lives. Traditional angiography has long been the go-to method to visualise blockages in the coronary arteries, but what if we could actually look inside the artery walls—not just at the surface? That’s exactly what Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) enables. IVUS is more than just a fancy imaging tool. It’s a game-changer that allows doctors to see beyond the dye, offering precise and layered insights into coronary artery disease (CAD), stent placement, and complex lesions. If you or someone close to you is dealing with heart disease or undergoing a […]
- [Who Needs an Angiogram or Angioplasty?](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/who-needs-an-angiogram-or-angioplasty/): Heart diseases have become increasingly prevalent in today’s society, making it essential for individuals to understand the various procedures available for diagnosis and treatment. Among these, angiograms and angioplasties are critical procedures that can save lives. In this article, we will explore who requires these procedures, the stigma surrounding them, and the importance of timely intervention in the context of heart health. Understanding Angiograms and Angioplasties An angiogram is a diagnostic procedure that uses X-rays to take pictures of the blood vessels in the heart. It helps in identifying blockages or narrowing of the arteries, which can lead to serious […]
- [Angiograms Through the Wrist, Elbow, or Groin? Here’s What You Need to Know.](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/angiograms-through-the-wrist-elbow-or-groin-heres-what-you-need-to-know/): When it comes to matters of the heart, every detail matters — including how doctors get a closer look at your arteries. If you’ve been told you need an angiogram, you probably know it’s a test that helps doctors see inside your blood vessels. What you might not know is there are different ways to perform this test, depending on where they insert the catheter: through your groin (femoral artery), wrist (radial artery), or even your elbow (ulnar artery). Each route has its own advantages, and the best approach depends on your anatomy, your doctor’s recommendation, and even your lifestyle. […]
- [Absorbable Stent is the Future: A New Era in Cardiovascular Care](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/absorbable-stent-is-the-future-a-new-era-in-cardiovascular-care/): In the ever-evolving world of cardiovascular healthcare, one innovation stands out with the potential to redefine patient outcomes — absorbable stents, also known as bioresorbable or biodegradable stents. These next-generation devices are being hailed as a major advancement in interventional cardiology, offering a promising alternative to traditional metallic stents. With cardiovascular diseases still ranking as the leading cause of mortality globally, the demand for safer, more effective, and long-term solutions is stronger than ever. This blog explores why absorbable stents are shaping the future of cardiology, how they work, what makes them different, and why both doctors and patients should […]
- [Managing Heart Disease: Strategies for Health and Confidence](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/managing-heart-disease-strategies-for-health-and-confidence/): In today’s discussion, we dive deep into the complexities of managing heart disease, addressing both its treatment and prevention. Understanding the psychological impact of illness on self-confidence is crucial, and we will explore effective methods to regain control over our health and lives. Table of Contents Understanding Heart Disease The Economic Burden of Heart Disease Psychological Impact on Confidence Two Approaches to Disease Management The Importance of Preventive Measures Risk Factors for Heart Attack The Role of Cholesterol in Heart Health The Necessity of Medication Managing Blood Pressure and Diabetes India’s Pharmaceutical Powerhouse Adherence to Medical Advice Frequently Asked Questions […]
- [Valve-in-Valve Procedures: A Case Study on Minimally Invasive TAVI](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/valve-in-valve-procedures-a-case-study-on-minimally-invasive-tavi/): The field of cardiology continues to evolve, with groundbreaking innovations paving the way for improved treatment outcomes and patient care. Among these advancements, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) has emerged as a transformative approach to treating patients with aortic valve conditions. Recently, we had the privilege of working on a complex valve-in-valve (ViV) case, which showcased the power of modern cardiology in addressing challenges once deemed insurmountable. This blog delves into the details of the case, explores the significance of the TAVI procedure, and highlights its impact on patient outcomes. Understanding the Patient’s Condition The patient presented with a previously […]
- [Beyond Chest Pain: Understanding the Hidden Signs of Heart Attacks](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/beyond-chest-pain-understanding-the-hidden-signs-of-heart-attacks/): Many people believe that chest pain is the only sign of a heart attack, but this is a common misconception. In this blog, we will explore the various symptoms that can indicate a heart attack, highlighting the importance of recognizing these signs to ensure timely medical attention.   The Myth of Chest Pain Many individuals hold the belief that chest pain is the definitive indicator of a heart attack. This notion can be misleading, as numerous patients experience different symptoms. In fact, chest pain occurs in only about 50% of heart attack cases. This misconception can lead to dangerous delays […]
- [Understanding Heart Health: A Guide for Young Adults](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/understanding-heart-health-a-guide-for-young-adults/): In today’s fast-paced world, heart health is often overlooked, especially among young adults. Join Dr. Girish B Navasundi and Dr. Anusuya Shetty as they shed light on the rising incidence of heart diseases in younger populations and provide essential tips for prevention and early detection. Table of Contents Introduction to Heart Health in Young Adults Myths About Young Adults and Heart Disease Understanding Heart Attacks Risk Factors for Heart Disease in Young Adults Symptoms of Heart Disease Beyond Chest Pain Importance of Early Recognition and Diagnosis Advanced Screening Techniques for Heart Health Cardiac Screening for Fitness Enthusiasts Evaluating Heart Health […]
- [Lipid Management and Non-Statin Therapies for Atherosclerosis Prevention](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/lipid-management-and-non-statin-therapies-for-atherosclerosis-prevention/): In the fight against atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, understanding lipid management is crucial. This blog explores non-statin therapies that can complement traditional treatments, focusing on their mechanisms, effectiveness, and the importance of adherence in achieving optimal health outcomes. Understanding Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of mortality globally. It is characterized by the buildup of plaques in the arterial walls, leading to reduced blood flow and increased risk of heart attacks and strokes. Understanding the mechanisms behind ASCVD is essential for effective prevention and management. The disease process begins with endothelial injury, which can be triggered […]
- [Treatment Strategies for Bifurcation Lesions: A Case Study](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatment-strategies-for-bifurcation-lesions-a-case-study/): In the world of interventional cardiology, complex cases often serve as valuable learning experiences. This blog post details a specific case involving a 58-year-old gentleman with unstable angina and preserved ejection fraction. Through a careful examination of his medical history and angiographic findings, we will explore the treatment strategies employed to address his condition. Patient Profile The patient in question is a 58-year-old male with a history of unstable angina. He has preserved ejection fraction and has undergone previous interventions, including an angioplasty with a Cypher stent in 2011. His medical history also includes diabetes and hypertension, which are critical […]
- [Exploring the Best Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Surgery in Bangalore: Expertise of Dr. Girish B Navasundi](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/exploring-the-best-minimally-invasive-coronary-artery-surgery-in-bangalore-expertise-of-dr-girish-b-navasundi/): Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of health complications and fatalities worldwide. For individuals grappling with heart disease, finding a skilled doctor who can offer effective, minimally invasive treatment is crucial. In Bangalore, Dr. Girish B Navasundi, a Senior Consultant in Interventional Cardiology at Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta, stands out for his expertise and extensive experience in minimally invasive coronary artery surgery. With a vast range of successful procedures under his belt, Dr. Girish is renowned for his commitment to advanced cardiovascular care. Why Choose Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Surgery? Coronary artery disease occurs when the blood […]
- [Angioplasty & Complex Angioplasty: A Lifeline to Heart Health](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/angioplasty-complex-angioplasty-a-lifeline-to-heart-health/): Why Heart Health Needs Our Attention Now More Than Ever Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death globally, affecting millions. Amidst the daily grind, it’s easy to overlook heart health—until symptoms force attention. Fortunately, advancements like angioplasty and complex angioplasty offer hope, restoring life and vitality for patients dealing with critical artery blockages. In Bangalore, Dr. Girish B Navasundi, a Senior Consultant Interventional Cardiologist, has been at the forefront, providing expert care and pioneering advanced procedures that change lives. What Exactly is Angioplasty? And Why Is It Such a Game-Changer? Angioplasty is a minimally invasive procedure designed to open […]
- [Journey to Recovery: A Heartfelt Story of Healing](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/journey-to-recovery-a-heartfelt-story-of-healing/): This blog recounts the inspiring journey of a patient who overcame severe heart issues with the expert care of Dr. Girish Navasundi at Apollo Hospital. Through a series of challenges and triumphs, this narrative highlights the importance of timely medical intervention and the dedication of healthcare professionals. Table of Contents Introduction to the Patient Initial Diagnosis and Health Challenges Past Medical History: Cancer Surgery Emerging Heart Problems Seeking Medical Help Emergency Admission to Hospital Post-Surgery Recovery The Road Ahead Consultation with Dr. Girish Navasundi Treatment Plan and Immediate Actions Post-Operative Recovery Gratitude and Acknowledgements Conclusion: A New Lease on Life […]
- [Revolutionizing Cardiovascular Care: Orbital Atherectomy Procedure by Dr. Girish B Navasundi](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/revolutionizing-cardiovascular-care-orbital-atherectomy-procedure-by-dr-girish-b-navasundi/): Cardiovascular diseases remain one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with coronary artery disease (CAD) being a significant contributor. Treating complex arterial blockages is critical in preventing heart attacks and ensuring long-term heart health. Among the latest innovations in treating CAD is the Orbital Atherectomy procedure, a groundbreaking technique employed by Dr. Girish B Navasundi, Senior Consultant in Interventional Cardiology at Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta, Bengaluru. In a recent medical milestone, Dr. Girish and his expert team successfully performed Orbital Atherectomy on two patients with severely calcified arteries, a condition often resistant to traditional treatments like balloon angioplasty or stenting. […]
- [Dr. Girish B Navasundi: Pioneering the Future of Cardiology with Minimally Invasive Devices](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/dr-girish-b-navasundi-pioneering-the-future-of-cardiology-with-minimally-invasive-devices/): Cardiac care has evolved significantly over the past decade, and one of the key players leading this transformation is Dr. Girish B Navasundi, a renowned cardiologist based at Apollo Hospitals, Bangalore. With his expertise in advanced cardiovascular treatments, Dr. Navasundi has established himself as a pioneer in using cutting-edge technology, particularly in minimally invasive devices like the Micra leadless pacemaker. Revolutionizing Cardiac Care with Minimally Invasive Devices Traditional pacemakers have played a vital role in regulating heart rhythms for patients with arrhythmias, but they come with certain limitations, such as the presence of leads, which can pose risks of complications. […]
- [Revolutionizing Heart Care: The Rise of Leadless Pacemakers](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/revolutionizing-heart-care-the-rise-of-leadless-pacemakers/): Introduction Pacemakers have been lifesavers for many people with heart rhythm disorders. Traditionally, these devices require leads (wires) to connect the pacemaker to the heart, which can sometimes cause complications. However, technological advancements have brought about leadless pacemakers—tiny, wireless devices that offer a safer and more convenient option. This blog explores the details of leadless pacemakers, their benefits, how they work, and answers frequently asked questions. What is a Leadless Pacemaker? A leadless pacemaker is a small, self-contained device implanted directly into the heart to regulate its rhythm without the need for leads. Unlike traditional pacemakers, which are implanted under […]
- [Apollo Hospitals Bannerghatta Achieves a Milestone in Cardiovascular Care with Orbital Atherectomy Procedures](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/apollo-hospitals-bannerghatta-achieves-a-milestone-in-cardiovascular-care-with-orbital-atherectomy-procedures/): We are thrilled to share a momentous achievement at Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta, where our dedicated cardiovascular team recently performed Orbital Atherectomy procedures on two patients. This accomplishment underscores our unwavering commitment to pioneering advanced cardiovascular treatments and providing exceptional patient care. Breaking New Ground in Cardiovascular Treatment Orbital Atherectomy is a state-of-the-art procedure designed to treat calcified coronary artery disease, a condition where calcium deposits form in the arteries, making them hard and narrow. These deposits can significantly hinder blood flow, leading to severe cardiovascular complications. Traditional treatments often struggle to address heavily calcified arteries effectively. However, Orbital Atherectomy employs […]
- [Understanding Angiograms: Femoral, Radial, and Ulnar Approaches](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/understanding-angiograms-femoral-radial-and-ulnar-approaches/): Introduction Angiograms, also known as angiographies, are medical imaging techniques used to visualize the inside of blood vessels and organs, particularly the arteries, veins, and heart chambers. This procedure helps diagnose and treat various cardiovascular conditions by providing detailed images of the blood flow and identifying any blockages or abnormalities. There are three primary approaches to performing an angiogram: femoral, radial, and ulnar. Each approach has its advantages and specific uses, and understanding them can help patients and healthcare providers make informed decisions. Femoral Approach Procedure The femoral approach involves accessing the femoral artery, which is located in the groin […]
- [Treatments and Devices for Structural Heart Disease: An Overview by Dr. Girish B Navasundi](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments-and-devices-for-structural-heart-disease-an-overview-by-dr-girish-b-navasundi/): Dr. Girish B Navasundi 21 years experience | MBBS, MD (Gen Medicine), DNB (Cardiology) Senior Consultant Interventional Cardiologist & Certified TAVR Specialist, Lead Consultant – Structural Heart Disease & Heart Failure Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka Structural heart disease encompasses a range of conditions affecting the valves, walls, and chambers of the heart. Advanced interventions and innovative devices have significantly improved the management and outcomes of these conditions. Let’s delve into some critical components and devices used in the treatment of structural heart disease. Pulmonary Valve Interventions The pulmonary valve regulates blood flow from the right ventricle to the […]
- [A Comprehensive Guide to Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) Treatment](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/a-comprehensive-guide-to-transcatheter-aortic-valve-replacement-tavr-treatment/): Introduction Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) has revolutionized the treatment of aortic stenosis, offering a minimally invasive alternative to traditional open-heart surgery. This procedure is particularly beneficial for patients who are at high risk for conventional surgery. In this blog, we will delve into the intricacies of TAVR, exploring its benefits, procedure details, recovery process, and long-term outcomes. Understanding Aortic Stenosis Aortic stenosis occurs when the aortic valve narrows, restricting blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. This condition can lead to symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and even heart failure if […]
- [Rarest Case of Hemoptysis: Angioplasty of a Totally Occluded Right Superior Pulmonary Vein](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/rarest-case-of-hemoptysis-angioplasty-of-a-totally-occluded-right-superior-pulmonary-vein/): Patient History Age/Sex: 29-year-old male Medical Background: The patient had undergone mitral valve repair a few months prior to the current presentation. Current Presentation: The patient presented with multiple episodes of hemoptysis, characterized by coughing up blood-stained sputum. Diagnostic Evaluation Symptoms:Recurrent episodes of coughing with blood-stained sputum. Findings: A thorough diagnostic evaluation revealed a total occlusion of the right superior pulmonary vein. This vein is crucial as it transports oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart. Treatment              Totally Occluded Right Upper Pulmonary Vein              […]
- [Understanding Heart Failure: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/understanding-heart-failure-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/):   What is the Difference Between Heart Attack and Heart Failure? Heart attack and heart failure are two distinct medical conditions, though they are often confused. A heart attack occurs when the blood supply to the heart muscle is suddenly reduced or completely blocked, leading to damage or death of the heart tissue. In contrast, heart failure is a condition where the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body’s demands. Common Causes of Heart Failure The most common causes of heart failure include hypertension (high blood pressure) and ischemic heart disease (blockages in the heart’s arteries). […]
- [Advancements in Structural Heart Disease: Insights from Dr. Girish B Navasundi](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/advancements-in-structural-heart-disease-insights-from-dr-girish-b-navasundi/): Structural heart disease encompasses a range of conditions affecting the heart’s valves and chambers, often requiring advanced medical interventions for treatment. Dr. Girish B Navasundi, a renowned cardiologist, has significantly contributed to the field, particularly in managing and treating complex heart diseases. This blog explores various aspects of structural heart disease and the innovative procedures that Dr. Navasundi specializes in. Pulmonary Valve Interventions The pulmonary valve plays a critical role in directing blood flow from the heart to the lungs. Pulmonary valve disease can lead to severe complications if not addressed timely. Dr. Navasundi employs cutting-edge techniques for pulmonary valve […]
- [Revolutionizing Cardiac Care: Chronic Total Occlusion PCI](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/revolutionizing-cardiac-care-chronic-total-occlusion-pci/): In the realm of cardiac healthcare, Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (CTO PCI) is emerging as a pivotal treatment for patients with severe arterial blockages. At the helm of this innovative technique is a distinguished figure in interventional cardiology. This blog post explores the essentials of CTO PCI, its effectiveness, and how expert guidance is shaping the future of cardiac treatments. What is Chronic Total Occlusion (CTO)? Chronic Total Occlusions are severe blockages in the coronary arteries, characterized by heavy plaque accumulation that completely obstructs blood flow. These blockages are typically longstanding, often existing for several months, which can […]
- [Management of Aortic Stenosis: Identifying and Treating Severe Cases](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/management-of-aortic-stenosis-identifying-and-treating-severe-cases/): Introduction When it comes to managing mild and moderate cases of iodic stenosis, a condition where the opening of the aortic valve in the heart narrows, regular follow-up and appropriate modification of comorbidities are crucial. The goal is to monitor the progression of the disease and detect the point when it transforms into severe iodic stenosis. Identifying severe iodic stenosis is of utmost importance as it is associated with a higher risk of sudden cardiac death and repeated hospitalization for heart failure. In such cases, medications alone are not enough, and the patient may require Aortic valve replacement. Aortic Valve […]
- [Heart Valve Repair or Replacement Surgery: A Comprehensive Guide](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/heart-valve-repair-or-replacement-surgery-a-comprehensive-guide/): Heart valve problems can be a serious medical condition that requires careful evaluation and, in some cases, surgical intervention. This blog post aims to provide you with a comprehensive overview of heart valve repair or replacement surgery, answering essential questions about why it might be necessary, how to prepare, what happens during the surgery, and what to expect during recovery. Why Might I Need Heart Valve Repair or Replacement Surgery? Heart valve problems can result from a variety of causes, including congenital conditions, infections, and age-related wear and tear. When a heart valve does not function properly, it can lead […]
- [Dr. Girish B Navasundi: A Pioneer in TAVR and TAVI in Bangalore](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/dr-girish-b-navasundi-a-pioneer-in-tavr-and-tavi-in-bangalore/): In the realm of cardiology, particularly in the advanced procedures like Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI), Dr. Girish B Navasundi has emerged as a beacon of hope and expertise. As a Senior Consultant Interventional Cardiologist and a Certified TAVR Specialist, Dr. Navasundi has carved a niche in the field of structural heart disease and heart failure management. What is TAVI and TAVR? Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) or Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that repairs the valve without removing the old, damaged valve. Instead, it wedges a replacement […]
- [Understanding Structural Heart Disease: A Comprehensive Guide](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/understanding-structural-heart-disease-a-comprehensive-guide/): Structural heart disease, a term that encompasses a variety of conditions affecting the heart’s structure and function. This guide aims to provide comprehensive information about structural heart disease, including its types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Whether you’re a patient, caregiver, or just someone interested in learning more about heart health, this post is designed to offer valuable insights. What is Structural Heart Disease? Structural heart disease refers to a range of heart conditions that involve defects or abnormalities in the heart’s structure. This can include issues with the heart’s valves, walls, or chambers. Unlike coronary artery disease, which […]

## Pages

- [HTN Advance Treatment & DM Related Heart Problems](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/htn-advance-treatment-dm-related-heart-problems-2/): HTN Advance Treatment & DM Related Heart Problems  Hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are common conditions that often coexist and can significantly increase the risk of heart problems. Managing these conditions effectively is crucial for preventing cardiovascular complications. Here are some advanced treatment strategies for hypertension and diabetes-related heart problems: Hypertension Treatment: Pharmacotherapy: Advanced pharmacological options include: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) Inhibitors: Drugs such as ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists are often preferred due to their additional benefits in reducing proteinuria and preventing heart failure. Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs): Particularly dihydropyridine CCBs like amlodipine can […]
- [IVUS](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/ivus/): IVUS Intravascular ultrasound is an intravascular imaging modality primarily used in interventional cardiology to characterize lesion morphology, quantify plaque burden, guide stent sizing, assess stent expansion, and identify procedural complications. Using a dedicated catheter with ultrasound-based technology an image is obtainable from inside an artery producing cross-sectional images with a 360-degree view of the vessel. This technology overcomes many of the limitations of angiography, which utilizes x-ray technology to produce a 2-dimensional lumenogram of a 3-dimensional structure. Rather than assessing the vessel from the outside as with angiography, IVUS provides the assessment from within the vessel.
- [IVL](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/ivl/): IVL Calcified lesions often mean percutaneous intervention results are suboptimal and increase the risk of procedural complications and future adverse events. Available plaque-modifying devices rely on tissue compression or debulking, with the intention of fracturing calcium and facilitating optimal stent deployment. In contrast, coronary intravascular lithotripsy delivers unfocused, circumferential, pulsatile mechanical energy to safely disrupt the calcium within the target lesion. The amount of coronary artery calcification increases with age and the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities. Up to 20% of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedures are challenged by severe calcifications, and coronary calcifications have been shown to […]
- [ROTA](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/rota/): ROTA What is Rotational atherectomy Rotablation (Rotational atherectomy) is a complex and the most challenging technique in coronary intervention used in patients with heavy calcification in coronary arteries (hardened arteries) to deliver stents in position to improve blood flow. It is essentially a drilling technique done with the help of special diamond tip burr, which rotates at a speed of 150,000 to 200,000 rotations per minute. This drilling technique clears the inside of the arteries to help pass the balloon and stent easily. The tubes or catheters used in this technique are bigger than the normal catheter. This technique is […]
- [SAVR – MICS](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/savr-mics/): SAVR – MICS What is minimally invasive aortic valve replacement? A minimally invasive aortic valve replacement is a surgery to replace a poorly working aortic valve with an artificial valve. The aortic valve is one of the heart’s 4 valves. The valves help blood flow through the heart’s 4 chambers and out to your body normally. The surgery is called “minimally invasive” because it uses a smaller incision than a traditional open repair. This may lead to easier and faster recovery from surgery.
- [SAVR-ROBOTIC](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/savr-robotics/): SAVR- ROBOTIC What is robotic-assisted aortic valve repair? Robotic-assisted aortic valve repair is a type of surgery. It uses robotic tools to fix a damaged aortic valve. The aortic valve is one of the heart’s 4 valves. These valves help blood flow through the heart’s 4 chambers and out to the body. Sometimes, the valve stops working well and needs to be replaced. Your healthcare provider will replace the valve with an artificial one. Blood can then leave the heart and flow out to the body normally. Robotic-assisted aortic valve repair is a type of minimally-invasive surgery. Minimally invasive means […]
- [TAVI](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/tavi/): TAVI – Transcatheter aortic valve implantation  The aortic valve usually opens when blood is pumped from your heart to the rest of your body. Aortic stenosis is a condition where the aortic valve cannot open and close properly. This condition puts extra strain on your heart and can result in breathlessness, swollen ankles, chest pain, dizziness, and sometimes, blackouts. For people with aortic valve problems, the usual treatment is open heart valve surgery. However, for people who are too ill or who have many other medical problems, open heart surgery may be considered too risky. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a procedure […]
- [Cerebral Protection Device](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/cerebral-protection-device/): SENTINEL – Cerebral Protection Device The Sentinel Cerebral Protection System is indicated for use as a cerebral protection device to capture and remove embolic material while performing transcatheter aortic valve procedures in order to reduce ischemic injury to the brain peri-procedurally.
- [CRTD](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/crtd/): CRTD CRT-D stands for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Defibrillator. It’s a specialized type of implantable device used to treat heart failure and certain types of cardiac arrhythmias. CRT-D devices combine the functions of a traditional implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Here’s an overview of how CRT-D works and its main components: Functionality: CRT-D devices are designed to improve the coordination of the heart’s contractions in patients with heart failure and electrical dyssynchrony. They achieve this through two main functions: Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT): CRT involves pacing the heart’s ventricles with precisely timed electrical impulses to synchronize their contractions. […]
- [ICD](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/icd-2/): ICD  ICD stands for Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator. It’s a small device implanted in the chest or abdomen of patients who are at risk of sudden cardiac death due to life-threatening arrhythmias, particularly ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF). Here’s how it works and its main components: Functionality: An ICD continuously monitors the heart’s rhythm. If it detects a dangerous arrhythmia, it delivers a precisely calibrated electrical shock to restore the heart’s normal rhythm. This shock is known as defibrillation. In addition to defibrillation, many modern ICDs also have pacing capabilities, which allow them to deliver small electrical impulses to […]
- [DISSECTION](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/dissection/): DISSECTION An aortic dissection is a serious condition in which a tear occurs in the inner layer of the body’s main artery (aorta). Blood rushes through the tear, causing the inner and middle layers of the aorta to split (dissect). If the blood goes through the outside aortic wall, aortic dissection is often deadly. Aortic dissection is relatively uncommon. It usually occurs in men in their 60s and 70s. Symptoms of aortic dissection may mimic those of other diseases, often leading to delays in diagnosis. However, when an aortic dissection is detected early and treated promptly, the chance of survival […]
- [ANEURYSM](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/aneurysm/): ANEURYSM An aneurysm is a bulging, weakened area in the wall of a blood vessel resulting in an abnormal widening or ballooning greater than 50% of the vessel’s normal diameter (width). An aneurysm may occur in any blood vessel, but is most often seen in an artery rather than a vein. An aneurysm may be located in many areas of the body, such as blood vessels of the brain (cerebral aneurysm), the aorta (the largest artery in the body), the neck, the intestines, the kidney, the spleen, and the vessels in the legs (iliac, femoral, and popliteal aneurysms). The most […]
- [AORTIC COARCTATION](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/aortic-coarctation/): AORTIC COARCTATION The aorta is the largest artery in the body. It moves oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Aortic coarctation is a narrowing of the aorta. It forces the heart to pump harder to move blood through the aorta. Coarctation of the aorta is generally present at birth (congenital heart defect). Symptoms can range from mild to severe. The condition might not be detected until adulthood. Coarctation of the aorta often occurs along with other congenital heart defects. Treatment is usually successful, but the condition requires careful lifelong follow-up. Causes The cause of coarctation […]
- [AORTIC REGURGITATION](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/aortic-regurgitation/): AORTIC REGURGITATION Aortic valve regurgitation is also a type of heart valve disease. The valve between the lower left heart chamber and the body’s main artery doesn’t close tightly. As a result, some of the blood pumped out of the heart’s main pumping chamber, called the left ventricle, leaks backward. The leakage may prevent the heart from doing a good enough job of pumping blood to the rest of the body. You may feel tired and short of breath. Aortic valve regurgitation can develop suddenly or over many years. Once the condition becomes severe, surgery often is needed to repair […]
- [AORTIC STENOSIS](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/aortic-stenosis/): AORTIC STENOSIS Aortic valve stenosis — or aortic stenosis is a type of heart valve disease. The valve between the lower left heart chamber and the body’s main artery (aorta) is narrowed and doesn’t open fully. This reduces or blocks blood flow from the heart to the aorta and to the rest of the body. Treatment of aortic stenosis depends on the severity of the condition. You may need surgery to repair or replace the valve. Without treatment, severe aortic valve stenosis can lead to death. Symptoms Aortic valve stenosis ranges from mild to severe. Symptoms generally occur when narrowing […]
- [HTN Advance Treatment & DM Related Heart Problems](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/htn-advance-treatment-dm-related-heart-problems/): HTN Advance Treatment & DM Related Heart Problems  Hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are common conditions that often coexist and can significantly increase the risk of heart problems. Managing these conditions effectively is crucial for preventing cardiovascular complications. Here are some advanced treatment strategies for hypertension and diabetes-related heart problems:                1. Hypertension Treatment: Pharmacotherapy: Advanced pharmacological options include: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) Inhibitors: Drugs such as ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists are often preferred due to their additional benefits in reducing proteinuria and preventing heart failure. Calcium Channel […]
- [CAROTID ANGIOPLASTY](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/carotid-angioplasty/): CAROTID ANGIOPLASTY Carotid angioplasty and stenting are procedures that open clogged arteries to restore blood flow to the brain. They’re often performed to treat or prevent strokes. The carotid arteries are located on each side of your neck. These are the main arteries supplying blood to your brain. They can be clogged with fatty deposits (plaque) that slow or block blood flow to the brain — a condition known as carotid artery disease — which can lead to a stroke. The procedure involves temporarily inserting and inflating a tiny balloon into the clogged artery to widen the area so that […]
- [ATRIAL FIBRILLATION-THERAPY & MANAGEMENT](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/atrial-fibrillation-therapy-management/): ATRIAL FIBRILLATION Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is an irregular and often very rapid heart rhythm. An irregular heart rhythm is called an arrhythmia. AFib can lead to blood clots in the heart. The condition also increases the risk of stroke, heart failure and other heart-related complications. During atrial fibrillation, the heart’s upper chambers — called the atria — beat chaotically and irregularly. They beat out of sync with the lower heart chambers, called the ventricles. For many people, AFib may have no symptoms. But AFib may cause a fast, pounding heartbeat, shortness of breath or light-headedness. Episodes of atrial fibrillation may come and go, or they may […]
- [LA Appendage](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/la-appendage/): LA Appendage  Left atrial appendage (LAA) closure is a procedure that blocks or closes the opening to your LAA to keep blood clots from leaving there and going into your bloodstream. This prevents strokes in people with atrial fibrillation, but without blood thinners. This appendage in one of your heart’s upper chambers doesn’t have a function. What is left atrial appendage closure? Left atrial appendage closure is a surgical or minimally invasive procedure to seal off your left atrial appendage (LAA), a small sac in the muscle wall of your left atrium (top left chamber of your heart. Removing it or […]
- [TILT TEST](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/tilt-test/): TILT test  A tilt table test attempts to determine the cause syncope by creating changes in posture from lying to standing. You will lie flat on a special bed or table with special safety belts and a footrest while connected to electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure monitors. The bed or table is then elevated to an almost standing position (60° to 80° vertical angle) to simulate standing up from a lying position. The blood pressure and ECG are measured during the test to evaluate changes during the position changes. If the test causes you to faint, the table will quickly […]
- [ELR](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/elr/): ELR An ELR is a device that records a patient s heart rate for up to seven days at a stretch and gives an accurate measure of the function and problems of the heart that go unnoticed in other tests. An ECG monitors the heart for a few minutes or seconds. It can detect arrhythmias that occur in those few seconds. But there are patients with infrequent short-duration transient symptoms, recurring over days, and these are unlikely to be diagnosed by the conventional ECG or even a Holter monitoring that monitors the heart for 24-48 hours. An echo test on […]
- [CRTP & CRTD](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/crtp-crtd/): CRTP & CRTD  Cardiac resynchronization therapy requires a minor surgical procedure to implant a device in the chest. You’ll likely be awake during the procedure, but will receive medication to help you relax. The area where the pacemaker is implanted is numbed. The procedure typically takes a few hours. During surgery, insulated wires (leads, also called electrodes) are inserted into a major vein under or near the collarbone and move to the heart using X-ray images as a guide. One end of each wire is attached to the appropriate position in the heart. The other end is attached to a […]
- [LEFT BUNDLE PACING](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/left-bundle-pacing/): LEFT BUNDLE PACING  Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) is a relatively new technique used in cardiac pacing to treat various heart rhythm disorders, such as bradycardia or heart failure. Traditionally, pacing has been achieved by stimulating the right ventricle or right atrium. However, research has shown that pacing the left bundle branch (LBB) can offer more physiological activation of the heart’s electrical system. Here’s a brief overview of how LBBP works: Anatomy of the Bundle Branches: The bundle branches are part of the heart’s electrical conduction system. The left bundle branch divides into two main branches, the left anterior fascicle […]
- [RF Ablation](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/rf-ablation/): RF Ablation Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a treatment that uses electrical energy to destroy tissues in the heart that are causing rhythm disturbances. It is often performed if you are experiencing abnormal electrical impulses through your heart causing it to beat too fast or too irregularly. A small incision is made in the groin. A special radiofrequency ablation catheter is inserted into the vein and guided up to the heart using X-ray screening. With catheters in place, recordings of the heart’s electrical activity can be made from inside the heart and the location that is  responsible for the rhythm disturbance […]
- [EP STUDY](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/ep-study/): EP STUDY An electrophysiology (EP) study is a series of tests that examine the heart’s electrical activity. The heart’s electrical system produces signals (impulses) that control the timing of the heartbeats. During an EP study, an electrophysiologist can create a very detailed map of how these signals move with each heartbeat. An EP study can help determine the cause of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias). Sometimes it’s done to predict the risk of sudden cardiac death. Why it’s done An EP study gives a health care provider a very detailed look at how electrical signals move through the heart. You are recommended an EP study if: You have an […]
- [PDA](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/pda/): PDA What is a patent ductus arteriosus? Babies are born with a natural opening in the heart between the aorta and pulmonary artery called the ductus arteriosus. Under normal circumstances, this vessel closes naturally or becomes tiny within the first few days of life. However, in some babies, particularly those born early (premature neonates), this hole remains open. This is called a patent ductus arteriosus or persistent ductus arteriosus. A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart defect where the ductus arteriosus stays open and causes oxygen-rich blood to return to the lungs instead of going to the rest of […]
- [VSD](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/vsd/): VSD What is a ventricular septal defect? A ventricular septal defect is a condition where you’re born with a hole in the wall between the two lower chambers of your heart. Often shortened to VSD, this condition is the most common congenital (meaning you have it when you’re born) heart defect and often happens alongside other types of heart problems or defects. A small VSD is usually minor and has few or no symptoms. However, a larger hole may need to be repaired to avoid permanent damage and complications. What happens inside my heart if I have a ventricular septal […]
- [ASD](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/asd/): ASD         An atrial septal defect (ASD) is a hole in the heart between the pper chambers (atria). The hole increases the amount of blood that flows through the lungs. The condition is present at birth (congenital heart defect). Small atrial septal defects might be found by chance and never cause a concern. Others close during infancy or early childhood. A large, long-term atrial septal defect can damage the heart and lungs. Surgery may be needed to repair an atrial septal defect and to prevent complications. Symptoms Many babies born with atrial septal defects have no signs or symptoms. Signs or […]
- [PULMONARY VALVE REGURGITATION](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/pulmonary-valve-regurgitation/): PULMONARY VALVE REGURGITATION Pulmonary regurgitation (PR, also called pulmonic regurgitation) is a leaky pulmonary valve. This valve helps control the flow of blood passing from the right ventricle to the lungs. A leaky pulmonary valve allows blood to flow back into the heart chamber before it gets to the lungs for oxygen. What causes pulmonary regurgitation? The most common causes for a leaky pulmonary valve is pulmonary hypertension. Less common causes are: Infective endocarditis Complications after surgery. Carcinoid syndrome Rheumatic fever. What are the symptoms of pulmonary regurgitation? There are usually no noticeable early symptoms. Signs that can be detected during […]
- [TRICUSPID VALVE](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/tricuspid-valve/): TRICUSPID VALVE  What is tricuspid valve regurgitation?  Tricuspid valve regurgitation is when the “door” connecting the upper and lower chambers on the right side of your heart doesn’t properly close. This leaky door allows some blood to flow backward each time your heart beats. Tricuspid valve regurgitation is a form of heart valve disease. It can range from trivial to severe. Over time, moderate to severe backward blood flow through any of your heart valves can make your heart work harder and take a toll on your cardiovascular system. Other names for this condition include: Tricuspid regurgitation. Tricuspid insufficiency. Leaky tricuspid valve. What […]
- [MITRACLIP](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/mitraclip/): MITRACLIP  The mitral valve is a one-way valve located between the heart’s two left chambers and allows blood to flow from the atrium to the ventricle. It has two leaflets, or flaps, that open and close to ensure blood flows in only one direction. When the mitral valve does not close properly, blood is allowed to leak backwards in the heart. This is called mitral regurgitation (MR). This causes the heart to work harder to push blood through the body. Common symptoms caused because of this increased work load are fatigue, shortness of breath, coughing, an irregular heartbeat and swollen […]
- [IMPELLA](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/impella/): IMPELLA The Impella heart pump is the world’s smallest heart pump used to help maintain blood flow during high-risk angioplasty. How is the Impella Placed in the Heart? The doctor makes a small incision in your upper thigh and inserts a fine tube called a catheter into your femoral artery. The Impella device is then guided by the catheter and a wire into the left ventricle – the main pumping chamber – of your heart. The Impella pulls blood from the ventricle and pushes it out into the aorta, delivering oxygen-rich blood to the rest of your body. This allows […]
- [ECMO](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/ecmo/): ECMO ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) is a machine which does the job of Heart and Lungs when they fail. ECMO treatment can be especially valuable in making it possible for your heart and lungs to rest and heal from a respiratory infection, heart attack or trauma.  How does ECMO work? It is a type of artificial life support that  continuously pumps blood out of your body and sends it through a series of devices that add oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. The machine then pumps your blood back into your body. ECMO treatment helps people who need support for their […]
- [CRT](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/crt/): CRT  What is cardiac resynchronization therapy? Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is treatment to help your heart beat with right sequence of beating. It uses a pacemaker to restore the normal timing pattern of the heartbeat. The CRT pacemaker coordinates how timing of the upper heart chambers (atria) and the lower heart chambers (ventricles). It also works on the timing between the left and right sides of the heart. When your heart doesn’t pump strongly enough, fluid can build up in your lungs and your legs. This is called heart failure. This condition can happen when the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of […]
- [PACEMAKER-MICRA](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/pacemaker-micra/): PACEMAKER – PPI A pacemaker is a small, battery-powered device that prevents the heart from beating too slowly. The device is placed under the skin near the collarbone. A pacemaker also is called a cardiac pacing device. There are different types of pacemakers. Single chamber pacemaker.This type usually sends electrical signals to the lower right chamber of the heart. Dual chamber pacemaker. This type sends electrical signals to the upper and lower right heart chambers. Biventricular pacemaker.This type also is called a cardiac resynchronization pacemaker. It’s for people who have heart failure and a slow heartbeat. The device stimulates both lower […]
- [LVAD](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/lvad/): LVAD Left Ventricular Assist Device If you have advanced heart failure, you may need a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). An LVAD is surgically implanted in the heart and takes over the work of the left ventricle, one of the heart’s two lower chambers. An LVAD helps the heart pump oxygenated blood to the body when the heart isn’t healthy enough to do so. This can lessen the heart’s workload, reduce symptoms and keep a person alive longer. Also called a mechanical circulatory support device, an LVAD can be used in several ways, including: A bridge to recovery. The LVAD is […]
- [ICD](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/icd/): ICD An implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is a medical device that monitors your heart and manages heart rate when needed. It’s surgically placed under your skin and connects to your heart with thin wires (leads). The battery-powered device can deliver an electric shock to correct life-threatening arrhythmia and prevent sudden cardiac arrest. It consists of a battery and thin wires called leads. The battery is about the size of a stopwatch and the leads go into your heart chambers to regulate your rhythm. The battery-powered device constantly tracks heart rate and rhythm. Its pulse generator delivers an electric shock when […]
- [BRS-Cutting Ballon-FFR](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/brs-cutting-ballon-ffr/): BRS  A bioresorbable stent (also called bioresorbable scaffold, biodegradable stent or naturally-dissolving stent) serves the same purpose, but is manufactured from a material that may dissolve or be absorbed in the body. The innovative concept of biodegradable stent is to use a material to provide temporary mechanical scaffolding. After that it will be bioabsorbed within a reasonable period, leaving behind the healed and remodeled artery preventing the long-term problems associated with permanent stents. CUTTING BALLOON-VOLVERINE What is a Cutting Balloon? Coronary cutting balloon is intended for opening coronary arteries in those circumstances where a resistant lesion is encountered and unable to be opened with […]
- [CTO](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/cto/):   CTO  A coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) is defined as 100% occlusion of a coronary artery for a duration of greater than or equal to 3 months based on angiographic evidence. The TIMI (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction) flow grading system is a scoring classification from 0-3 referring to the levels of coronary blood flow assessed during coronary angiography. The TIMI flow grading system is as below: TIMI 0 flow (no perfusion-complete occlusion) – the absence of any forward flow beyond a coronary occlusion. TIMI 1 flow (penetration without perfusion) – faint forward flow beyond the occlusion, associated with an […]
- [OCT - IVUS](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/oct-ivus/): What is Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Imaging?  Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an intravascular imaging modality that uses near-infrared light to provide high-definition, cross-sectional and three-dimensional images of the vessel microstructure during angioplasty. “The images provide additional information on the degree and characteristics of coronary artery disease compared to angiography which doesn’t delineate the composition of the coronary artery. With automated, highly accurate measurements, OCT can guide stent selection, placement, and deployment.” How does OCT support angioplasty guidance? OCT can be used to identify the content and size of block precisely to select right balloon and stent. For post angioplasty […]
- [Angioplasty](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/angioplasty/): What is angioplasty?   Angioplasty is a procedure that opens up the blocked arteries to let blood go through more easily. An interventional cardiologist uses this minimally invasive procedure in tight spots in arteries where plaque makes the space inside an artery too narrow or blocks it. Who needs to have angioplasty? People who have coronary artery disease or a heart attack may need to have coronary angioplasty. Angioplasty is also used in other parts of the body that have narrow or blocked arteries, such as your neck, arms and legs, kidneys and pelvis. Angioplasty allows more blood to get through […]
- [Gallery](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/gallery/)
- [Blogs](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/blog/)
- [In the News](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/news-article/)
- [Treatments](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/treatments/)
- [Contact us](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/contact-us/)
- [About the Doctor](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/about-doctor/)
- [Home](https://drgirishnavasundi.com/)


[comment]: # (Generated by Hostinger Tools Plugin)